Digital data modes

Keyboards, computers and sound cards on the air.

Digital modes overviewThe landscape of data modes and what each is for.PSK31Keyboard chat in 31 Hz.RTTYThe original radioteletype.FT8 and FT4Weak-signal 15-second and 7.5-second modes.JS8CallKeyboard messaging built on FT8.WSPRPropagation beacons with milliwatts.JT65, JT9 and the WSJT familyWeak-signal modes for EME and HF.MFSK, Olivia and ContestiaRobust modes for poor conditions.Packet radio and AX.25Digital messaging with nodes and BBSs.APRSPosition and message reporting.Winlink and radio emailEmail over HF and VHF.VARA, ARDOP and PACTORHigh-speed ARQ data modes.Digital mode softwareWSJT-X, fldigi and friends.