E1C

Remote control, signal limits and foreign operation

Know the control-link, spurious and modulation limits, the 630 m and 2200 m notification, and the CEPT and IARP arrangements.

12 pool questions1 on the exam

Syllabus: Automatic and remote control; band-specific regulations; operating in and communicating with foreign countries; spurious emission standards; HF modulation index limit; band-specific rules

Unattended stations: limited traffic, 3 minutes to shut down

Link fails at 0. Transmissions must end within 3 minutes.

Remote control: if the control link malfunctions, the station must stop transmitting within 3 minutes.
Automatic control: third-party traffic only with RTTY or data, never voice or CW.

RememberLink lost: off in 3 minutes. Automatic third party: data only.

630 m and 2200 m: tell the UTC, wait 30 days

No approval needed, but the 30-day wait and the 1 km check are.

Power-line carrier (PLC) systems share these frequencies, so you notify the Utilities Technology Council with your call sign and coordinates. No FCC endorsement, no FAA filing.

Three signal limits to know

Illustrative spurs. The limit line is 43 dB below the fundamental (below 30 MHz).

Rule	Limit
Data on 60 m	2.8 kHz maximum bandwidth
Angle modulation below 29.0 MHz	modulation index no higher than 1.0 at the highest modulating frequency
Spurious below 30 MHz	-43 dB relative to the fundamental

Memory hookBelow 30 MHz: spurs at least 43 dB down. A bigger negative number is weaker.

Operating abroad: CEPT, IARP, and what you may say

CEPT needs no /CEPT call sign suffix and no local-language ID.

CEPT works both ways between the US and many European countries. You carry a copy of FCC Public Notice DA 16-1048. IARP is the equivalent permit for certain countries in the Americas.

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Go deeper

Compendium articles on the ideas in this lesson, beyond what the exam asks.

Check what stuck

Practise the 12 pool questions for this group. Answers are shuffled, and every one comes with a one-line "why".

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